ITI Most Important Fundamental, Derived, SI Units

In this chapter, we will understand the conversion of SI units and quantities derived from SI systems to base units such as (FPS, MKS, and CGS) issued by the Indian Standards Organization.

ITI Most Important Derived UnitsUnits The Indian Standards Organization (ISO, ISI) has set a standard for all the items, according to that, if questions are asked from ITI’s Workshop Calculation and Science, then today we will know about all the units in it and will also understand its detail form.

Units are mainly classified into two categories, basic units and derived units.

Fundamental, Derived, SI Units

Fundamental Units (मूल मात्रक)

लंबाई भार और समय के मात्रक को मूल मात्रक कहते हैं मूल मात्रकों की तीन पद्धतियां होती हैं

The units of length, weight and time are called basic units. There are three systems of basic units.

F.P.S System (F.P.S पद्धति) :-

फुट, पौंड, सेकंड पद्धति में लंबाई या दुरी के लिए फुट को, भार या द्रव्यमान के लिए पौंड को वह समय के लिए सेकंड को मात्रक के रूप में काम लिया जाता है इस प्रणाली को ब्रिटिश प्रणाली भी कहते हैं

In the foot, pound, second system, the foot is used as a unit for length or distance, the pound for weight or mass, the second is used as a unit for time, this system is also called British system.

C.G.S System (C.G.S पद्धति) :-

सैंटीमीटर ग्राम सेकंड पद्धति में लंबाई या दुरी के लिए सेंटीमीटर को, भार या द्रव्यमान के लिए ग्राम को समय के लिए सेकंड को मात्रक के रूप में काम लिया जाता है

In the centimeter gram second method, centimeter is used as the unit for length or distance, gram for mass or mass, second for time.

M.K.S System (M.K.S पद्धति) :-

मीटर किलोग्राम सेकंड पद्धति में लंबाई या दुरी के लिए मीटर को द्रव्यमान के लिए किलोग्राम को व समय के लिए सेकंड को मात्रा के रूप में काम लिया जाता है इस पद्धति को मैट्रिक पद्धति भी कहते हैं

In meter kilogram second method, meter for length or distance is used as kilogram for mass and second for time, this method is also called metric method.

Derived Units (व्युत्पन्न मात्रक)

वह मात्रक जो दो या दो से अधिक मूल मात्रकों से मिलकर बना होता है व्युत्पन्न मात्रक कहलाता है जैसे क्षेत्रफल का मात्रक, आयतन का मात्रक, दाब, ऊर्जा, शक्ति, बल, कार्य, इत्यादि के मात्रक

The unit that is made up of two or more basic units is called derived units, such as units of area, units of volume, pressure, energy, power, force, work, etc.

क्षेत्रफल = लंबाई (cm) x चौड़ाई (cm)

= cm x cm = cm2

दाब = बल/क्षेत्रफल (Kg/cm2)

(भार की एक इकाई व लंबाई की दो चौड़ाई)

International System of Units or SI Units (मात्रकों की अंतर्राष्ट्रीय प्रणाली या एस आई मात्रक)

Sr. NoBasic Quantity NameSymbol
1Length (लंबाई)Meterm
2Mass (द्रव्यमान)KilogramKg
3Time (समय)Seceonds
4Current (धारा)AmpereA
5Temperature (तापक्रम)CalvinK
6Light Intensity (ज्योति तीव्रता)Candela Cd

Conversion of Units (मात्रकों का रूपांतरण)

Length (लंबाई) :-

Length in Metric System :-

1 Micron0.001 mm
1 millimeter1000 micron
0.001 meter
1 centimeter10 milimeter
1 decimeter10 centimeter
1 meter10 decimeter
1 meter100 centimeter
1 decameter 10 meter
1 hectometer10 decameter
1 kilometer10 hectometer
1 kilometer1000 meter
100 decameter

Length in British System :-

1 Foot12 Inch
1 yard3 Foot
36 Inch
1 Flanges220 Gaj (Yard)
1 Mile8 Flanges
1 Mile1760 Yards
1 Mile5280 Foot

Length conversion coefficient :-

1 Mile1.609 Kilometer
1 Kilometer0.622 Mile
1 Yards91.44 Centimeter
1 millimeter 0.03937 Inch
1 meter3.28 Foot
39.37 Inch
1.094 Yards

Mass or Weight (द्रव्यमान या भार)

Mass or Weight in Metric System

1 Centigram10 miligram
1 decigram10 centigram
1 gram10 decigram
1 decagram10 gram
1 hectogram10 decagram
1 kilogram10 hectrogram
1 kilogram1000 gram
1 quantal100 kilogram
1 Metric Ton1000 kilogram

Mass or Weight in British System :-

1 Pond16 oz
1 cwt4 Quarter
1 ton (long)20 hundred weight
1 ton (T)2240 lb
1 cental100 lb
1 cwt112 lb

Mass or Weight conversion coefficient :-

1 Gram0.035 oz
1 Oz28.35 gram
1 lb435.6 gram
1 kg2.205 lb
1 ton ( metric )1000 kg
1 ton ( British )1016 kg
1oz28.35 gram

Capacity

Capacity in Metric System :-

1 Centiliter10 milliliter
1 deciliter10 centiliter
1 liter 10 decileter
1 decaliter10 liter
1 hectoliter10 decaliter
1 kiloliter 10 hectoliter

Capacity in British System

4 Gilz1 Pint
1 quart2 Pint
1 gallon 4 quart
1 barrel31.5 gallon

Capacity conversion coefficient

1 gallon4.5446 liter
1 gallon0.1605 cubic foot
1 liter1000 cubic centimeter
1 cubic meter1000 liter

Volume

Volume Metric System

1 Cubic Centimeter1000 Cubic Millimeter
1 Cubic Decimeter1000 Cubic Centimeter
1 Cubic Meter1000 Cubic Decameter
1000 Liter
1 Liter1 Cubic Decimeter
1 Hectoliter1000 Liter
1 Gallon4.546 Liter

Volume British System

1 Cubic Foot6.23 Gallon
28.317 Liter
1 Cubic Yard27 Cubic Foot
1 Cubic Foot Water weight62.5 lb

Capacity conversion coefficient

1 Cubic Inch16.4 Cubic Centimeter

Area

Area Metric System

1 Square Centimeter100 Square Millimeter
1 Square Decimeter100 Square Centimeter
1 Square Meter100 Square Decimeter
1 Hectare10000 Square Meter

Area British System

1 Square Foot144 Square Inch
1 Square Yard9 Square Foot
1 Acre4840 Square Yard
1 Square Mile640 Acres

Area conversion coefficient

1 Hectare2.4711 Acre
1 Square Yard0.8361 Square meter
1 Square Inch6.45 Square Centimeter

Units of Time

1 minutes60 Second
24 Hours1 Day
30 Days1 Month
60 Minutes1 Hour
365 Days1 Year
12 Months 1 Year

Units of Angle

180°π Radian
1 Radian180/π Degree = 57.17′
1 Degree60′ Minutes
1 Degreeπ/180 Radian
1 Minutes60′ Second

Pressure

1 Atmospheric pressure1.033 Kg per Square Centimeter
14.7 lb Per Square Inch
1 Kg per Square meter0.205 lb per Square Inch
1 kg per square centimeter 14.225 lb per square inch
1 lb per square foot4.88 kg per square meter
1 lb per square inch0.0703 kg per square centimeter
1 gm per centimeter62.436 lb per cubic foot

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